The Fairfax County town of Falls Church became an independent city in 1948. Alexandria County was returned to Virginia in 1846, reduced in size by the secession of the independent city of Alexandria in 1870, and renamed Arlington County in 1920. In 1789, part of Fairfax County was ceded to the federal government to form Alexandria County of the District of Columbia. In 1757, the northwestern two-thirds of Fairfax County became Loudoun County. The Belvoir mansion and several of its outbuildings were destroyed by fire immediately after the Revolutionary War in 1783, and George Washington noted the plantation complex deteriorated into ruins. Thomas Fairfax, 6th Lord Fairfax of Cameron, the only member of the British nobility ever to reside in the colonies, lived at Belvoir before he moved to the Shenandoah Valley. Modern Fort Belvoir is partly on the estate of Belvoir Manor, built along the Potomac by William Fairfax in 1741. Gunston Hall, the home of George Mason is nearby. George Washington settled in Fairfax County and built his home, Mount Vernon, facing the river. The oldest settlements in Fairfax County were along the Potomac River. The Fairfax family name is derived from the Old English phrase for ' blond hair' вЂ“ FГ¦ger-feax. It was named after Thomas Fairfax, 6th Lord Fairfax of Cameron (1693вЂ“1781), proprietor of the Northern Neck. Virginian colonists from the Northern Neck region drove the Doeg out of this area and into Maryland by 1670.ДЇairfax County was formed in 1742 from the northern part of Prince William County.

Their villages, as recorded by Captain John Smith in 1608, included Namassingakent and Nemaroughquand on the south bank of the Potomac River in what is now Fairfax County.

ДЄt the time of first European encounter, the inhabitants of what would become Fairfax County were an Algonquian-speaking sub-group called the Taux, also known as the Doeg or Dogue. The county is also home to seven Fortune 500 companies, including three in the Falls Church area although not located in the independent municipality of Falls Church. The county is home to the headquarters of intelligence agencies such as the Central Intelligence Agency, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, and National Reconnaissance Office, as well as the National Counterterrorism Center and Office of the Director of National Intelligence. county to reach a six-figure median household income and has the third- highest median household income of any county-level local jurisdiction in the United States after neighboring Loudoun County. The county seat is Fairfax, although because it is an independent city under Virginia law, the city of Fairfax is not part of Fairfax County. The county is also the most populous jurisdiction in the Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV Metropolitan Statistical Area, with around 20% of the MSA population, as well as the larger Washington-Baltimore-Arlington, DC-MD-VA-WV-PA Combined Statistical Area, with around 13% of the CSA population. The county is thus predominantly suburban in character, with some urban and rural pockets.ДЄs of the 2020 census, the population was 1,150,309, making it the Commonwealth's most populous jurisdiction, with around 13% of Virginia's population. Part of Northern Virginia, Fairfax County borders both the City of Alexandria and Arlington County and forms part of the suburban ring of Washington, D.C. 1 Administrative and court offices are located in unincorporated areas in Fairfax CountyДЇairfax County, officially the County of Fairfax, is located in the Commonwealth of Virginia in the United States.

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